Delhi HQ · ICH Q3C · USP 467 · NABL Accredited

Residual Solvent Testing for Herbal Extracts and AYUSH Products

Most AYUSH and herbal extracts involve a solvent extraction step — ethanol or hydro-ethanolic for alcoholic extracts, hexane for fixed-oil extraction, and methanol or dichloromethane in some legacy and specialised processes. Residual solvent left in the finished extract must be controlled per ICH Q3C and the pharmacopoeial herbal monograph. Without documented residual solvent data, AYUSH licence dossiers are incomplete, EU and US export submissions are rejected, and Gulf SFDA import dossiers stall. Auriga Research provides NABL-accredited residual solvent testing using USP 467 headspace GC-FID with GC-MS confirmation, scoped to the ICH Q3C Class 1, Class 2, and Class 3 solvent framework.

Our panel covers Class 1 avoidance markers (benzene at 2 ppm, carbon tetrachloride at 4 ppm, 1,2-dichloroethane at 5 ppm, and other Class 1 contaminants), Class 2 solvents reported against the Permitted Daily Exposure (methanol PDE 30 mg/day, dichloromethane PDE 6 mg/day, hexane PDE 2.9 mg/day, toluene, chloroform), and Class 3 solvents at the GMP control limit (ethanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, isopropanol). Reports cite the ICH Q3C class, the USP 467 method reference, and the per-preparation API, IP, EP, or USP herbal monograph where one applies.

Testing is performed at our Delhi HQ (Arbro Analytical Division, NABL TC-7375) — India's first herbal testing lab licensed by the Directorate of ISM&H, AYUSH approved since 2004 (DTL-01 A&U), and holder of the Unani licence. Backed by the Arbro Group's unbroken NABL ISO/IEC 17025:2017 accreditation since 2003, reports are accepted by the Ministry of AYUSH, CDSCO, state AYUSH licensing authorities, and EU / US / Gulf / ASEAN export regulators including those aligned with the WHO Quality Control Methods for Medicinal Plant Materials.

Standard ICH Q3C panel 5 to 7 business days | Targeted single-solvent 3 to 5 days | GC-MS confirmation in parallel

Residual Solvent Testing Capabilities

Each capability is mapped to the ICH Q3C class, the analytical method, and the regulatory anchor so AYUSH QA, regulatory consultants, and export-dossier teams can scope at a glance.

Class 1

ICH Q3C Class 1 — Avoidance Markers

Benzene (2 ppm), carbon tetrachloride (4 ppm), 1,2-dichloroethane (5 ppm), 1,1-dichloroethene, and 1,1,1-trichloroethane. Should be avoided in manufacture; tested as contamination markers in starting solvents and the finished extract.

Class 2

ICH Q3C Class 2 — PDE-Limited

Methanol (PDE 30 mg/day, ~3000 ppm), dichloromethane (PDE 6 mg/day, 600 ppm), hexane (PDE 2.9 mg/day, 290 ppm), toluene, chloroform, and other Class 2 solvents reported against the Permitted Daily Exposure limit.

Class 3

ICH Q3C Class 3 — GMP-Controlled

Ethanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, isopropanol, and other Class 3 solvents. Low toxicity, GMP-controlled at a typical 50 mg/day limit. Ethanol is the most common AYUSH extraction solvent.

USP 467

USP 467 Headspace GC-FID

Pharmacopoeial reference method — headspace gas chromatography with flame ionisation detection per USP 467. Default routine method for the ICH Q3C panel.

GC-MS

GC-MS Confirmation

GC-MS confirmation runs in parallel for unknown peak identification, low-level trace confirmation, and dossier requirements that specify mass-spectrometric confirmation alongside HS-GC-FID.

Export

EU / US / Gulf / WHO Compliance

Reports cite ICH Q3C class limits, the pharmacopoeial herbal monograph (API / IP / EP / USP), and destination-market requirements (EU EMA, US FDA, Gulf SFDA, WHO Quality Control Methods for Medicinal Plant Materials).

ICH Q3C class framework: Class 1 solvents should be avoided in manufacture; tested as contamination markers. Class 2 solvents are limited by Permitted Daily Exposure (PDE) — methanol 30 mg/day, hexane 2.9 mg/day, dichloromethane 6 mg/day. Class 3 solvents (ethanol, acetone, ethyl acetate) are low toxicity, GMP-controlled at a typical 50 mg/day limit. The per-preparation API, IP, EP, or USP herbal monograph may apply stricter limits than the ICH Q3C generic class limit.

How It Works

1

Get a Quote

Share your extract (alcoholic / hydro-alcoholic / hexane / methanol / other), the extraction solvent used in manufacture, the AYUSH framework (API / UPI / SPI / Homeopathy), and the target market. Your dedicated SPOC confirms the residual solvent panel (full ICH Q3C or targeted), the relevant pharmacopoeial monograph reference, and the sample quantity required before you dispatch.

2

Send Your Sample

Dispatch the herbal extract or finished AYUSH product with a completed Test Request Form to the Delhi HQ (Arbro Analytical Division) lab. Each sample is bar coded and registered in YLIMS, Auriga's in-house Laboratory Information Management System, upon receipt. Testing begins within 24 hours of registration.

3

HS-GC-FID Testing and QA Review

Your sample is analysed by headspace gas chromatography with flame ionisation detection (HS-GC-FID) per USP 467 for the agreed ICH Q3C solvent panel. GC-MS confirmation runs in parallel where the dossier requires mass-spectrometric confirmation. Every result is interpreted against the ICH Q3C class limit and the per-preparation API / IP / EP / USP herbal monograph, then passes formal internal QA review and sign-off before the report is generated.

4

Receive Your NABL Report

Your NABL-accredited residual solvent report is delivered digitally within the committed turnaround time. Reports cite each solvent detected, the ICH Q3C class, the applicable limit (PDE or GMP control), and the compliance verdict against the target-market regulatory framework. Accepted by Ministry of AYUSH, CDSCO, state AYUSH licensing authorities, and EU / US / Gulf / ASEAN export regulators. Track sample status through YLIMS.

Turnaround Time

Panel Standard TAT Express
Full ICH Q3C panel by HS-GC-FID (Class 1 + 2 + 3) 5 to 7 business days Available
Class 2 PDE-limited solvents only 5 to 7 business days Available
Targeted single-solvent (e.g. methanol, hexane only) 3 to 5 business days Available
GC-MS confirmation (parallel run) 7 to 10 business days Available
Per-preparation API / IP / EP herbal monograph compliance 7 to 10 business days On request
Export-compliance package (EU / US / Gulf / WHO) 7 to 10 business days On request

Who Needs Residual Solvent Testing

  • AYUSH-licensed manufacturers of alcoholic, hydro-alcoholic, and hexane-extracted herbal preparations preparing Ministry of AYUSH licence dossiers.
  • Herbal extract manufacturers selling to AYUSH product formulators who require ICH Q3C documentation at the raw material handover.
  • Exporters of herbal extracts and AYUSH products to EU (EMA), US (FDA), and Gulf (SFDA) markets where residual solvent data is part of the import dossier.
  • Brands reformulating to replace Class 2 solvents (methanol, dichloromethane, hexane) with Class 3 alternatives (ethanol, acetone, ethyl acetate) and needing fresh data on the new solvent profile.
  • Pharma-bridging herbal products (rasayanas, classical formulations being filed under quasi-drug routes) requiring full ICH Q3C compliance.
  • CDMO clients producing herbal extracts under contract, building safety and regulatory dossiers for brand-owner handover.
  • AYUSH GMP auditees facing inspection where residual solvent control is a Schedule T check point.
  • Brands contesting an EU customs detention, US FDA import alert, or Gulf SFDA finding on residual solvents — full re-test on NABL chain of custody.

Why Auriga for Residual Solvent Testing

Full ICH Q3C Panel in One Run

Class 1 avoidance markers, Class 2 PDE-limited solvents, and Class 3 GMP-controlled solvents all reported from a single HS-GC-FID analytical run per USP 467.

HS-GC-FID + GC-MS Confirmation

Headspace GC-FID for routine quantification with GC-MS confirmation running in parallel for unknown peak identification and dossiers that specify mass-spectrometric confirmation.

Per-Preparation Monograph Applied

Reports cite both the ICH Q3C class limit and the per-preparation API / IP / EP / USP herbal monograph limit where one applies. The stricter limit governs the verdict — surfaced explicitly.

First ISM&H-Licensed Herbal Lab

Delhi HQ is India's first herbal testing lab licensed by the Directorate of ISM&H — AYUSH approved since 2004, holder of the Unani licence. The audit trail Ministry of AYUSH and export regulators look for in a herbal residual solvent partner.

Reformulation Bridge Data

Routine residual solvent panels for brands switching from Class 2 (methanol, hexane, DCM) to Class 3 (ethanol, ethyl acetate) solvents — generating before-and-after bridge data for the dossier.

NABL Reports for EU / US / Gulf

NABL ISO/IEC 17025:2017 reports accepted by EMA, US FDA, Gulf SFDA, ASEAN authorities, and WHO-aligned reviewers. Arbro Group analytical heritage since 2003 — Arbro Lab since 1990, Auriga Research since 2007.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why do herbal extracts need residual solvent testing?
Most herbal extracts and AYUSH preparations involve a solvent extraction step — ethanol or hydro-ethanolic for alcoholic extracts, hexane for fixed oils, methanol or dichloromethane in some legacy or specialised processes. Residual solvent left in the finished extract must be controlled per ICH Q3C and the relevant pharmacopoeial herbal monograph. AYUSH licence dossiers, EU and US export submissions, and Gulf SFDA registrations all require documented residual solvent data showing compliance against Class 1, Class 2, and Class 3 ICH Q3C limits.
What are ICH Q3C Class 1, Class 2, and Class 3 solvents?
ICH Q3C classifies residual solvents into three classes by toxicity and use restriction. Class 1 solvents (benzene, carbon tetrachloride, 1,2-dichloroethane, 1,1-dichloroethene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane) should be avoided in manufacture; if unavoidable, their content must be below the very low ICH Q3C concentration limits (e.g., benzene 2 ppm). Class 2 solvents (methanol, dichloromethane, hexane, toluene, etc.) are limited by the Permitted Daily Exposure (PDE). Class 3 solvents (ethanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, isopropanol) are considered low toxicity and are GMP-controlled with a typical limit of 50 mg/day.
Which method does Auriga use for residual solvent testing?
The pharmacopoeial reference method is USP 467 (Residual Solvents) using headspace gas chromatography with flame ionisation detection (HS-GC-FID). For identification or trace confirmation, GC-MS is run in parallel. Methods are validated per ICH Q2(R1). The default panel covers ICH Q3C Class 1 (avoidance markers), all Class 2 solvents with PDE-based limits, and Class 3 solvents at the GMP control limit.
How are ethanol and methanol limits set for AYUSH extracts?
Ethanol is an ICH Q3C Class 3 solvent — low toxicity — with a GMP-controlled limit of 50 mg/day (typically 5000 ppm in the finished preparation). It is the most common AYUSH extraction solvent and is generally low concern. Methanol is a Class 2 solvent with a PDE of 30 mg/day (3000 ppm). For AYUSH preparations historically extracted with methanol, the residual must be documented below the Class 2 limit. The relevant API, IP, EP, or USP monograph for the specific preparation may apply stricter limits.
How long does residual solvent testing take?
Standard residual solvent screening by headspace GC-FID for the ICH Q3C panel takes 5 to 7 business days from sample receipt. GC-MS confirmation runs in parallel when required. Targeted single-solvent quantification (e.g., methanol only, hexane only) can be completed in 3 to 5 business days under express service.
Are Auriga residual solvent reports accepted by Ministry of AYUSH and export regulators?
Yes. NABL-accredited (ISO/IEC 17025:2017) residual solvent reports are accepted by the Ministry of AYUSH, CDSCO, state AYUSH licensing authorities, and EU / US / Gulf / ASEAN export regulators. Reports cite the ICH Q3C class, the USP 467 method reference, and the pharmacopoeial herbal monograph where one applies.

Get Your Residual Solvent Testing Quote

NABL-accredited HS-GC-FID and GC-MS residual solvent testing per ICH Q3C and USP 467 at Delhi HQ (first ISM&H-licensed lab). Class 1, Class 2, and Class 3 panels with per-preparation API / IP / EP / USP herbal monograph compliance. Accepted by Ministry of AYUSH, CDSCO, EU, US, and Gulf export regulators.

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